Armadillo lizard is one of the few lizards that does not lay eggs. It can grow to around 16 to 21 cm in length. The latest microCT capabilities and developments which might support biomimetic studies are described and the unique synergy between microCT and biomimicry is demonstrated. This is armadillo lizard or Cordylus cataphractus, endemic to desert areas of southern Africa. In this review, we show how microCT has been used in bioinspiration and biomimetic studies to date, including investigations of multifunctional structures, hierarchical structures and the growing use of additive manufacturing and mechanical testing of 3D printed models in combination with microCT. MicroCT images and three-dimensional data can be used as generic bio-inspiration, or may be interpreted as detailed blueprints for specific engineering applications, i.e., reverse-engineering nature. The use of microCT in the fields of biomimicry, biomimetic engineering and bioinspiration is growing rapidly and holds great promise. This capability brings with it the possibility to learn from nature at an unprecedented level of detail in full three dimensions, allowing us to improve our current understanding of structures, learn from them and apply them to solve engineering problems. The non-destructive nature of microCT, combined with three-dimensional visualization and analysis, allows for the most complete internal and external “view” of natural materials and structures at both macro- and micro-scale. Looking deep into nature has in the last few years become much more achievable through the use of high-resolution X-ray micro-computed tomography (microCT). Albert Einstein once said “look deep into nature, and then you will understand everything better”.
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